{"id":17259,"date":"2025-05-20T06:48:05","date_gmt":"2025-05-20T10:48:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ogc.org\/?p=17129"},"modified":"2025-10-09T10:19:23","modified_gmt":"2025-10-09T10:19:23","slug":"the-vital-role-of-undersea-cable-infrastructure-and-the-importance-of-geospatial-standards","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/blog-article\/the-vital-role-of-undersea-cable-infrastructure-and-the-importance-of-geospatial-standards\/","title":{"rendered":"The Vital Role of Undersea Cable Infrastructure and the Importance of Geospatial Standards"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>We don\u2019t often think about what lies beneath the ocean floor. But stretching across more than 1.3 million kilometers of seabed is a critical, largely invisible infrastructure that powers the modern world: the global network of undersea cables.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These cables transmit nearly 99% of intercontinental internet traffic. They enable digital communications, financial transactions, navigation, logistics, secure government operations, and military coordination\u2014foundational services that support everyday life, global commerce, and national defense. Every day, they carry the data that drives over $10 trillion in global economic activity.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They are the connective tissue of the digital age. And increasingly, they\u2019re under threat\u2014as Robert Cardillo, former Director of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, warned yesterday during his remarks at the GEOINT Symposium.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This week, I\u2019m in St. Louis for GEOINT 2025, a convening of leaders focused on geospatial intelligence and national security. It\u2019s a timely forum to examine emerging threats and strategic vulnerabilities. And few systems are more essential\u2014or more often overlooked\u2014than the cables that bind our world together beneath the sea.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A Global System at Risk&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>I learned about the importance of undersea cable infrastructure early in my career, while serving at the <strong>Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI)<\/strong>. Even in the early 1990s, it was clear how vital these systems were to secure communications and military readiness.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/shutterstock_696994819.jpg\" alt=\"cables \" class=\"wp-image-17144\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Since then, our reliance on them has only deepened. The explosive growth of digital platforms, data-hungry applications, and real-time global operations means more of our economy, governance, and national security runs through these cables. But while dependence has grown, so have the risks.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/shutterstock_1372606616.jpg\" alt=\"Sea Cables\" class=\"wp-image-17143\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2023 alone, the <strong>UN International Telecommunication Union<\/strong> recorded nearly <strong>200 cable failures<\/strong>. About 80% of those incidents were attributed to human activity\u2014anchors, fishing, construction, or tampering. Others were caused by natural hazards such as undersea earthquakes and landslides.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/shutterstock_2536209551.jpg\" alt=\"undersea earthquakes\" class=\"wp-image-17145\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Incidents of deliberate interference are particularly troubling. In the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Oy4b0aepJBU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Baltic Sea<\/a><\/strong>, off the coast of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2025-05-17\/is-china-cutting-taiwan-internet-cables-as-psychological-warfare\/105281582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Taiwan<\/a><\/strong>, and in other tense geopolitical zones, recent cable outages have raised concerns about sabotage. As someone who once worked to determine state actor capabilities and intent, I remember how seriously we took even the possibility of cable disruption\u2014and how catastrophic even a single incident could be for a nation\u2019s connectivity and response readiness.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Undersea cables keep getting severed in the Baltic Sea. What&#039;s going on? | Visual investigations\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Oy4b0aepJBU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>And for smaller or more remote countries, the consequences can be devastating. <strong>Tonga<\/strong>, for example, has experienced multiple national blackouts in recent years\u20142019, 2022, and again in 2024\u2014when its only domestic undersea cable was damaged, cutting off communications for weeks.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Seeing the Whole Picture: The Role of Geospatial Standards<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>What these events make clear is that protecting undersea cables isn\u2019t just about physical security. It\u2019s about <strong>visibility, context, and coordination<\/strong>\u2014especially across jurisdictions and sectors.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s where geospatial standards come in.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At the <strong>Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)<\/strong>, we focus on enabling better decision-making through open, consensus-based standards that support data interoperability and cross-sector collaboration. When it comes to undersea cables, these standards are an essential part of strengthening resilience and readiness.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;We are proud to work closely with the <a href=\"https:\/\/iho.int\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"><strong>International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)<\/strong><\/a> and, through that partnership, contribute to the efforts of the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iscpc.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">International Cable Protection Committee (ICPC)<\/a><\/strong>\u2014a global body dedicated to safeguarding submarine cable infrastructure. Together, we\u2019re helping shape the technical and policy frameworks needed to ensure undersea infrastructure is properly mapped, understood, and protected, using interoperable geospatial data.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s how OGC standards make a difference:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Interoperability and Data Integration:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ogc.org\/standards\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-blue-color\">OGC standards<\/mark> <\/a>provide a framework for integrating bathymetric data, maritime activity, environmental indicators, and infrastructure models. This enables a shared operational picture across defense, telecom, and environmental agencies. As noted by OGC\u2019s CEO Peter Rabley in a <strong>February blog post<\/strong>, by offering a common framework for data integration, these standards ensure that diverse systems can interoperate effectively enhancing the overall security and resilience of undersea infrastructure.<br><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Real-Time Monitoring and Threat Detection : <\/strong>Standards such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ogc.org\/standards\/ogc-api-moving-features\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-blue-color\">OGC API \u2013 Moving Features<\/mark><\/a> allow for real-time tracking of vessels and other entities that may pose a threat to undersea cables. This capability is essential for early detection and rapid response to potential hazards, significantly reducing the risk of accidental (or mitigating intentional) damage.&nbsp;<br><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Modelling and Simulation Risk Management:<\/strong> OGC standards support the implementation of advanced risk management practices. For example, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/ogcapi.ogc.org\/processes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">OGC API \u2013 Processes<\/a><\/strong> can be used to manage and execute threat model algorithms, providing valuable insights into potential vulnerabilities and supporting proactive mitigation strategies.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Applying Non-Traditional Geospatial Standards: The Case of MUDDI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While OGC standards are typically associated with surface and aerial geospatial data, they can also be applied to undersea infrastructure. The Model for Underground Data Definition and Integration (MUDDI) is one such standard that offers significant potential in the undersea domain .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some of the most promising innovations for the undersea domain are coming from unexpected places. For example, OGC\u2019s <strong>Model for Underground Data Definition and Integration (MUDDI<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong>\u2014originally developed to support subsurface urban infrastructure\u2014has proven highly relevant for undersea applications.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With MUDDI, stakeholders can:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Integrate diverse datasets (from environmental models to utility infrastructure)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Make that data <strong>Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR)<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Support long-term planning, emergency response, and international coordination&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>As new cable routes are laid and existing systems are upgraded, especially through contested or sensitive regions, MUDDI can offer a <strong>common language and structure<\/strong> for managing complexity beneath the ocean floor.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>A Strategic Imperative<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The importance of submarine cable infrastructure is now recognized across the defense, intelligence, and policy landscapes. Recent reports from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.csis.org\/analysis\/safeguarding-subsea-cables-protecting-cyber-infrastructure-amid-great-power-competition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">CSIS<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbr.org\/publication\/submarine-cables\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">NBR<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/csps.aerospace.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2022-02\/Gordon-Jones_UnderseaCables_20220201.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">CSPS<\/a> have emphasized the urgent need for stronger protections. The <strong>United Nations<\/strong>, in response to recent ruptures, is urging member states to implement new safeguards and coordination mechanisms.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But to move from awareness to action, we need more than declarations\u2014we need systems that can <strong>see, share, and respond<\/strong> to what\u2019s happening in real time, across borders and sectors. In a world where infrastructure is interconnected, multi-layered, and often obscured, turning<strong> complexity into clarity<\/strong> is essential for effective coordination and timely decision-making.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>OGC\u2019s standards are helping enable that\u2014quietly, but meaningfully.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Closing Thoughts from GEOINT<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>While much of the focus at GEOINT 2025 is on emerging technologies like AI integration, space-based sensing, and multi-domain operations, it\u2019s a timely reminder that none of these systems function without the foundational infrastructure that supports them. Undersea cable infrastructure is a critical component of the global digital ecosystem\u2014enabling seamless communication, navigation, logistics, and economic activity across continents. Submarine cables are not just technical assets. They are strategic infrastructure. And the geospatial community has a responsibility to help protect them.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That responsibility feels especially urgent given the growing number of risks this infrastructure faces\u2014risks that require proactive management, coordination, and mitigation. From accidental damage to deliberate interference, the threats are real, and the consequences are far-reaching.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s why I\u2019m proud of the work OGC and our members are doing. Our open standards\u2014including those not traditionally associated with undersea infrastructure, like MUDDI\u2014offer valuable tools for enhancing the security, efficiency, and resilience of these global lifelines.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I\u2019m grateful to our members for their continued leadership. Their commitment to collaboration and interoperability is helping ensure the reliability and robustness of this vital infrastructure\u2014and safeguarding the systems that hold our interconnected world together.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>This blog is part of our \u201c10 Ideas in 10 Weeks\u201d series, highlighting bold ideas and real-world innovation across the OGC community.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Explore previous insights:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ogc.org\/blog-article\/navigating-synthetic-imagery-trust-geospatial-data\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Week 1: Navigating the Era of Synthetic Imagery\u2014Why Trust in Geospatial Data Matters<\/a><\/strong><br><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ogc.org\/blog-article\/from-data-to-decisions-aligning-for-the-space-economy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Week 2: From Data to Decisions\u2014Aligning for the Space Economy<\/a><\/strong><br><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ogc.org\/blog-article\/from-wildfires-to-water-scarcity-ogcs-open-science-demonstrator-is-turning-research-into-real-world-impact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Week 3: From Wildfires to Water Scarcity\u2014OGC\u2019s Open Science Demonstrator Is Turning Research into Real-World Impact<\/a><\/strong><br><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ogc.org\/blog-article\/how-esris-adoption-of-3d-tiles-accelerates-the-open-geospatial-future\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Week 4: How Esri\u2019s Adoption of 3D Tiles Accelerates the Open Geospatial Future<\/a><\/strong><br><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ogc.org\/blog-article\/what-lies-beneath-the-standard-making-underground-infrastructure-smarter-and-safer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Week 5: What Lies Beneath\u2014The Standard Making Underground Infrastructure Smarter and Safer<\/a><\/strong><br><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ogc.org\/blog-article\/the-ogc-simple-features-standard-the-silent-backbone-of-modern-mapping\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Week 6: The OGC Simple Features Standard\u2014The Silent Backbone of Modern Mapping<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Follow us on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/open-geospatial-consortium\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">LinkedIn<\/a> for more stories about the people, projects, and standards shaping the future of geospatial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ready to Join the Conversation?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Whether you work in government, technology, science, or sustainability\u2014<strong>if your organization depends on location, it belongs in OGC.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ogc.org\/membership\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Join a global community of leaders<\/a> advancing open standards, accelerating innovation, and solving real-world problems together.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Undersea cables are the invisible lifelines of the global internet, yet they face growing threats\u2014from accidents to sabotage. This article explores how geospatial standards from OGC, including MUDDI, enhance the security, monitoring, and resilience of this vital infrastructure powering global communications and economies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":18073,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[190],"tags":[189,88,174,175],"class_list":["post-17259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-article","tag-marine","tag-muddi","tag-ogc-apis","tag-spatial-data-infrastructure"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17259","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17259"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17259\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20680,"href":"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17259\/revisions\/20680"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18073"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17259"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17259"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fm-connect1.fortmindz.in\/wp-ogc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17259"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}